وَ النّٰزِعٰتِ غَرْقًا ۙ﴿۱﴾
By those who drag forth souls vehemently,
وَّ
النّٰشِطٰتِ نَشْطًا ۙ﴿۲﴾
And those who release knots gently.
وَّ
السّٰبِحٰتِ سَبْحًا ۙ﴿۳﴾
By those who swim easily.
فَالسّٰبِقٰتِ سَبْقًا ۙ﴿۴﴾
Then they reach soon by advancing.
فَالْمُدَبِّرٰتِ اَمْرًا ۘ﴿۵﴾
Then they manage the affairs.
یَوْمَ
تَرْجُفُ الرَّاجِفَۃُ ۙ﴿۶﴾
The infidels shall necessarily be chastised on the Day when the shivering one will shiver.
تَتْبَعُہَا الرَّادِفَۃُ ؕ﴿۷﴾
And there will follow it the following one.
قُلُوۡبٌ یَّوْمَئِذٍ وَّ اجِفَۃٌ ۙ﴿۸﴾
How many hearts will be throbbing that Day?
اَبْصٰرُہَا خٰشِعَۃٌ ۘ﴿۹﴾
They will not be able to lift up their eyes.
یَقُوۡلُوۡنَ ءَاِنَّا لَمَرْدُوۡدُوۡنَ فِی
الْحَافِرَۃِ ﴿ؕ۱۰﴾
The infidels say. “shall we really be restored to our former state”?
ءَاِذَا کُنَّا عِظٰمًا نَّخِرَۃً ﴿ؕ۱۱﴾
What even when we shall be rotten bones.
قَالُوۡا تِلْکَ اِذًا کَرَّۃٌ خَاسِرَۃٌ ﴿ۘ۱۲﴾
They said, such returning back is indeed a total loss.
فَاِنَّمَا ہِیَ زَجْرَۃٌ وّٰحِدَۃٌ ﴿ۙ۱۳﴾
That is not but a mere scolding.
فَاِذَا ہُمۡ بِالسَّاہِرَۃِ ﴿ؕ۱۴﴾
Henceforth they shall be lying in an open ground.
Tafsir al-Qurtubi تفسیر القرطبی
أَقْسَمَ سُبْحَانَهُ بِهَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا، عَلَى أَنَّ الْقِيَامَةَ حَقٌّ.
Allah Almighty took the oath of these things which He mentioned, to emphasize that the Day of Judgment is Haqq.
والنَّازِعاتِ: الْمَلَائِكَةُ الَّتِي تَنْزِعُ أَرْوَاحَ الْكُفَّارِ، قَالَهُ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ
وَكَذَا قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَمَسْرُوقٌ وَمُجَاهِدٌ: هِيَ الملائكة تنزع نفوس بين آدَمَ.
By those who drag forth souls vehemently: They are the angels who drag the souls of the disbelievers. Sayyiduna ‘Ali – may Allah be pleased with him – made this statement.
Sayyiduna Ibn Mas’ood, Ibn Abbas, Masrooq and Mujahid – may Allah be pleased with them – also made similar statements: They are the angels who extract people’s souls of.
قَالَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: يُرِيدُ أَنْفُسَ الْكُفَّارِ يَنْزِعُهَا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ مِنْ أَجْسَادِهِمْ، مِنْ تَحْتِ كُلِّ شَعْرَةٍ، وَمِنْ تَحْتِ الْأَظَافِيرِ وَأُصُولِ الْقَدَمَيْنِ نَزْعًا ۔۔۔ يُغْرِقُهَا، أَيْ يَرْجِعُهَا فِي أَجْسَادِهِمْ، ثُمَّ يَنْزِعُهَا فَهَذَا عَمَلُهُ بِالْكُفَّارِ. وَقَالَهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ.
Sayyiduna Ibn Mas’ood – may Allah be pleased with him – said: The angel of death extracts the souls of the disbelievers from their bodies from beneath each strand of hair and nails. They then drown it i.e. bringing it back to their bodies then force it out. This treatment is exclusive to the disbelievers. This is the view of Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them.
وَقَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ: نُزِعَتْ أَرْوَاحُهُمْ، ثُمَّ غَرِقَتْ، ثُمَّ حُرِقَتْ، ثُمَّ قُذِفَ بِهَا فِي النَّارِ.
Sayyiduna Sa’eed ibn Jubair – may Allah be pleased with him – said: Their souls are extracted then drowned then burned, then they are thrown in hell.
(وَالنَّاشِطاتِ نَشْطاً) قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يَعْنِي الْمَلَائِكَةَ تَنْشِطُ نَفْسَ الْمُؤْمِنِ فَتَقْبِضُهَا كَمَا يُنْشَطُ الْعِقَالُ مِنْ يَدِ الْبَعِيرِ: إِذَا حُلَّ عَنْهُ.
And those who release the knots gently… Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with him – said: It means that the angels extract the soul of the believer and capture it; like how the rope is loosened from the camel’s thigh while untying it.
وَعَنْهُ أَيْضًا: النَّاشِطَاتُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ لِنَشَاطِهَا، تَذْهَبُ وَتَجِيءُ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ حَيْثُمَا كَانَ.
Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them – is also reported to have said: The angels who release the knots, so when it is released, it travels to and fro, wherever by the command of Allah Almighty.
وَالنَّازِعاتِ لِلْكَافِرِينَ وَالنَّاشِطاتِ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَالْمَلَائِكَةُ يَجْذِبُونَ رُوحَ الْمُؤْمِنِ بِرِفْقٍ، وَالنَّزْعُ جَذْبٌ بِشِدَّةٍ، وَالنَّشْطُ جَذْبٌ بِرِفْقٍ.
The treatment of dragging out the soul is for the disbelievers whereas releasing of the knots is for the believers. Then angels therefore extract the soul of the believer gently. Al-Naz’u implies dragging it harshly and Al-Nashtu means to extract gently.
(وَالسَّابِحاتِ سَبْحاً) قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: السَّابِحَاتُ أَرْوَاحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَسْبَحُ شَوْقًا إِلَى لِقَاءِ اللَّهِ وَرَحْمَتِهِ حِينَ تَخْرُجُ.
By those who swim easily… Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased
with them – said: They are the souls of
the believers that swims (advances) in anticipation of meeting Allah Almighty
and His Mercy when it comes out.
(فَالسَّابِقاتِ سَبْقاً) قَالَ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: هِيَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَسْبِقُ الشَّيَاطِينَ بِالْوَحْيِ إِلَى الْأَنْبِيَاءِ عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلَامُ.
وَقَالَهُ مَسْرُوقٌ وَمُجَاهِدٌ.
Then they reach soon by advancing… Sayyiduna ‘Ali – may Allah be pleased with him – said: They are the angels who outrun the devils in delivering the Wahy to the Prophets – peace be upon them.
Sayyiduna Masrooq and Mujahid – may Allah be pleased with them – also
made this statement.
مُقَاتِلٌ: هِيَ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَسْبِقُ بِأَرْوَاحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ.
Sayyiduna Muqatil – may Allah be pleased with him – said: They are the angels that advance with the souls of the believers to Paradise.
ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ: هِيَ أَنْفُسُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ تَسْبِقُ إِلَى الْمَلَائِكَةِ الَّذِينَ يَقْبِضُونَهَا وَقَدْ عَايَنَتِ السُّرُورَ، شَوْقًا إِلَى لِقَاءِ الله تعالى ورحمته.
ونحو عَنِ الرَّبِيع
Sayyiduna Ibn Mas’ood – may Allah be pleased with him – said: They are the souls of the believers that advance (willingly) to the angels who (come to) capture them see the (their) joy in the anticipation of meeting Allah and His Mercy.
A similar statement has also been recorded from Sayyiduna Rabee’ – may Allah be pleased with him.
رَوَى عَطَاءٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: فَالْمُدَبِّراتِ أَمْراً: الْمَلَائِكَةُ وُكِّلَتْ بِتَدْبِيرِ أَحْوَالِ الْأَرْضِ فِي الرِّيَاحِ وَالْأَمْطَارِ وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ.
Sayyiduna ‘Ata reported from Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them: Then they manage the affairs… i.e. the angels have been delegated to carry out the affairs of the winds and rains etc. on the earth.
قَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ سَابَاطٍ: تَدْبِيرُ أَمْرِ الدُّنْيَا إِلَى أَرْبَعَةٍ:
- جِبْرِيلَ
- وَمِيكَائِيلَ
- وَمَلَكِ الْمَوْتِ وَاسْمُهُ عِزْرَائِيلُ
- وَإِسْرَافِيلَ
فَأَمَّا جِبْرِيلُ فَمُوكَلٌ بِالرِّيَاحِ وَالْجُنُودِ
وَأَمَّا مِيكَائِيلُ فَمُوَكَّلٌ بِالْقَطْرِ وَالنَّبَاتِ
وَأَمَّا مَلَكُ الْمَوْتِ فَمُوَكَّلٌ بِقَبْضِ الْأَنْفُسِ فِي الْبَرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ
وَأَمَّا إِسْرَافِيلُ فَهُوَ يَنْزِلُ بِالْأَمْرِ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَلَيْسَ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ أَقْرَبَ مِنْ إِسْرَافِيلَ، وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْعَرْشِ مَسِيرَةَ خَمْسِمِائَةِ عَامٍ.
Sayyiduna ‘Abdur Rahman ibn Sabat – may Allah be pleased with him – said: The management of the affairs of the world is distributed among four:
- Sayyiduna Jibreel
- Sayyiduna Mikaeel
- The angel of death, namely Sayyiduna ‘Izraeel
- Sayyiduna Israfeel – peace be upon them
Sayyiduna Jibeel – peace be upon him – is entrusted with the duty of winds and armies.
Sayyiduna Mikaeel – peace be upon him – is entrusted with the duty of rain and vegetation.
The angel of death is appointed to carry out the task of capturing the souls in the land as well as in the sea.
Sayyiduna Israfeel – peace be upon him – will descend upon them with the command. None of the other angels are as closely (to Allah) chosen as Sayyiduna Israfeel – peace be upon him. The distance between him and the ‘Arsh is the distance of 500 years of travel.
(يَقُولُونَ أَإِنَّا لَمَرْدُودُونَ فِي الْحافِرَةِ) أَيْ يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْمُكَذِّبُونَ الْمُنْكِرُونَ لِلْبَعْثِ، إِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ إِنَّكُمْ تُبْعَثُونَ، قَالُوا مُنْكِرِينَ مُتَعَجِّبِينَ: أَنُرَدُّ بَعْدَ مَوْتِنَا إِلَى أَوَّلِ الْأَمْرِ، فَنَعُودُ أَحْيَاءً كَمَا كُنَّا قَبْلَ الموت
The infidels say. “shall we really be restored to our former state”?… i.e. These disbelievers say regarding the resurrection in disbelief when they are told that they will be brought back to life, “Will we be brought back to the previous state of life like how we were after death?”
Tafsir Qurtubi (Al-Jame’ Li Ahkaam al-Quran) Imam Shamsuddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Qurtubi t D. 671 A.H.
Tafsir al-Jalalain تفسیر الجلالین
{وَالنَّازِعَات} الْمَلَائِكَة تَنْزِع أَرْوَاح الْكُفَّار {غَرْقًا} نَزْعًا بشدة
By those that wrest, [by] the angels who wrest the
souls of disbelievers, violently;
{وَالنَّاشِطَات نَشْطًا} الْمَلَائِكَة تَنْشِط أَرْوَاح الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَيْ تسلها برفق
By those that draw out, [by] the angels who draw out the souls of believers, gently;
{وَالسَّابِحَات سَبْحًا} الْمَلَائِكَة تَسْبَح مِنْ السَّمَاء بِأَمْرِهِ تَعَالَى أَيْ تَنْزِل
By those that glide serenely, [by] the angels who descend from the heavens with His command, exalted be He;
{فَالسَّابِقَات سَبْقًا} الْمَلَائِكَة تَسْبِق بِأَرْوَاحِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَى الجنة
By those that race forward, [by] the angels who race forward to Paradise with the souls of believers;
{فَالْمُدَبِّرَات أَمْرًا} الْمَلَائِكَة تُدَبِّر أَمْر الدُّنْيَا أَيْ تَنْزِل بِتَدْبِيرِهِ أَيْ لَتُبْعَثُنَّ يَا كُفَّار مَكَّة
And by those that direct the affair, [by] the angels who direct the affairs of this world, that is to say, they descend with the directions for it
[from Allah]
‘you shall certainly be resurrected, O disbelievers of Mecca!’,
{يَوْم تَرْجُف الرَّاجِفَة} النَّفْخَة الْأُولَى بِهَا يَرْجُف كُلّ شَيْء أَيْ يَتَزَلْزَل فَوُصِفَتْ بِمَا يَحْدُث منها
The day when the Tremor quakes, that is to say, the first blast, as a
result of which everything will be shaken violently (thus it [the subject] has
been described in terms of the effect it produces),
{تَتْبَعهَا الرَّادِفَة} النَّفْخَة الثَّانِيَة وَبَيْنهمَا أَرْبَعُونَ سَنَة
And is followed by the Aftershock, the second blast; between the two
[blasts]
is a span of forty years,
{قُلُوب يَوْمئِذٍ وَاجِفَة} خَائِفَة قَلِقَة
On that day hearts will be trembling, frightened and anxious,
{أَبْصَارهَا خَاشِعَة} ذَلِيلَة لِهَوْلِ مَا تَرَى
Their eyes humbled, abject, because of the terror that they see.
{يَقُولُونَ} أَيْ أَرْبَاب الْقُلُوب وَالْأَبْصَار اِسْتِهْزَاء وَإِنْكَارًا لِلْبَعْثِ {أَئِنَّا لَمَرْدُودُونَ فِي الْحَافِرَة} أَيْ أَنُرَدُّ بَعْد الْمَوْت إِلَى الْحَيَاة
They, those of the [mentioned] hearts and eyes, will say, mockingly and in rejection of the Resurrection:
‘Are we indeed being restored as before? Shall we be restored to life after death.
{أَئِذَا كُنَّا عِظَامًا نَخِرَة} وَفِي قِرَاءَة نَاخِرَة بَالِيَة مُتَفَتِّتَة نَحْيَا
What! When we have been decayed bones?’ Will we have life again?
{قَالُوا تِلْكَ} أَيْ رَجْعَتنَا إِلَى الْحَيَاة {إِذًا} إن صحت {كرة} رجعة {خاسرة} ذات خسر إن قال تعالى
They will say, ‘That, return of ours to life, then, if it were true, would be a ruinous return!’.
{فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ} أَيْ الرَّادِفَة الَّتِي يَعْقُبهَا الْبَعْث {زَجْرَة} نَفْخَة {وَاحِدَة} فَإِذَا نُفِخَتْ
But it, the Aftershock which will be followed by the Resurrection, will be only a single blast, and so when it is blasted:
{فَإِذَا هُمْ} أَيْ كُلّ الْخَلَائِق {بِالسَّاهِرَةِ} بِوَجْهِ الأرض أحياء بعد ما كَانُوا بِبَطْنِهَا أَمْوَاتًا
Behold, then, they, all creatures, will be upon the surface of the earth, alive, after having been dead inside it.
Tafsir al-Jalalain of Imam Jalaaluddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mahalli al-Shafe’i t D. 864 A.H. and Imam Jalaaluddin Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr al-Suyooti al-Shafe’i t D. 911 A.H.
Tafsir Rooh al-Bayaan تفسیر روح البیان
{فَإِذَا هُمْ بِالسَّاهِرَةِ} قال الثوري الساهرة ارض الشام
وقال وهب بن منبه جبل بيت المقدس
Henceforth they shall be lying in an open ground… Sayyiduna Thauri – may Allah be pleased with him – said: Al-Sahira is the land of Al-Sham (Syria and the neighboring countries).
Sayyiduna Wahb ibn Munabbeh – may Allah be pleased with him – said: It is a mountain in Jerusalem.
وفى الحديث بيت المقدس ارض المحشر والمنشر
Hadeeth: Bait al-Maqdis (Jerusalem) is the land where the judgment of the creation will take place.
Tafsir Rooh al-Bayaan of Imam Isma’eel Haqqi ibn Mustafa al-Istanbuli Hanafi t D. 1127 A.H.
MUSJIDUL HAQ 
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