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کَلَّاۤ اِنَّ الْاِنۡسَانَ لَیَطْغٰۤی ۙ﴿۶﴾

Yes indeed, man is surely rebellious.

Tafsir al-Kabeer                                                                                                 التفسیر الکبیر                        

أَكْثَرُ الْمُفَسِّرِينَ عَلَى أَنَّ الْمُرَادَ مِنَ الإنسان هاهنا إِنْسَانٌ وَاحِدٌ وَهُوَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ، ثُمَّ مِنْهُمْ من قال: نزلت السورة من هاهنا إِلَى آخِرِهَا فِي أَبِي جَهْلٍ. وَقِيلَ: نَزَلَتْ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ: أَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي يَنْهى عَبْداً [الْعَلَقِ: 9] إِلَى آخِرِ السُّورَةِ فِي أَبِي جَهْلٍ.

Most of the exegetists are of the opinion that Al-Insan here refers to only one person, and that is abu jahl.  Among them are those who said that from here onwards till the end of this Surah, it is all about abu jalhl while there is a weaker opinion that from verse No. 9 till the end is about abu jahl.

قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُصَلِّي فَجَاءَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ، فَقَالَ: أَلَمْ أَنْهَكَ عَنْ هَذَا؟ فَزَجَرَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ/ أَبُو جَهْلٍ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ لَتَعْلَمُ أَنِّي أَكْثَرُ أَهْلِ الْوَادِي نَادِيًا، فَأَنْزَلَ الله تعالى: فَلْيَدْعُ نادِيَهُ سَنَدْعُ الزَّبانِيَةَ [العلق: 17، 18]

 Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them – said:  The Holy Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – was praying Salah then abu jahl came and said, “Did I not stop you from this?” Then the Holy Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – rebuked him and abu jahl said, “By Allah, you do know that I have the influence over most of the society.”  Then Allah Almighty revealed:

فَلْيَدْعُ نادِيَهُ سَنَدْعُ الزَّبانِيَةَ

So let him now call his gang!  We will now call the guards!

Tafsir al-Kabeer (Mafateeh al-Ghaib) of Imam Fakhruddin Muhammad ibn Umar al-Raazi al-Shafe’i t D. 606 A.H.