Download PDF:  S104 V001 Tafseer of Ahlus Sunnah تفسیر اھل السنۃ

وَیۡلٌ لِّکُلِّ ہُمَزَۃٍ لُّمَزَۃِۣۙ﴿۱﴾

Ruin is for every open slanderer, backbiter.

 

Tafsir al-Tabari                                                             تفسیر الطبری

{وَيْلٌ لِكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ} [الهمزة: 1] الْوَادِي يَسِيلُ مِنْ صَدِيدِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ وَقَيْحِهِمْ {لِكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ} [الهمزة: 1] يَقُولُ: لِكُلِّ مُغْتَابٍ لِلنَّاسِ، يَغْتَابُهُمْ وَيَغُضُّهُمْ

i.e. Wail is a valley which originates from the pus and vomit of the people of hell – for a slander i.e. whoever slanders people and does backbiting and looks down on others.

 

عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ هُمُ الَّذِينَ [ص:617] بَدَأَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِالْوَيْلِ قَالَ: هُمُ الْمَشَّاءُونَ بِالنَّمِيمَةِ، الْمُفَرِّقُونَ بَيْنَ الْأَحِبَّةِ

Sayyiduna Jauza said:  I asked Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them, “Who are those people whom Allah Almighty sends to wail?”  He replied, “They are the ones who carry tales, cause fights among the loved ones.”

 

عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، {وَيْلٌ لِكُلِّ هُمَزَةٍ} [الهمزة: 1] قَالَ:  الْهُمَزَةُ: الطَّعَّانُ، وَاللُّمَزَةُ: الَّذِي يَأْكُلُ لُحُومَ النَّاسِ

Sayyiduna Mujahid – may Allah be pleased with him – said about the verse:  Al-Humazah means slanderer and Al-Lumazah means the one who eats people’s flesh (Backbiter).

 

Tafsir Al-Tabari (Tafsir Ibn Jareer / Jame’ al-Bayaan fi Taweel al-Quraan) of Imam Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Jareer al-Tabri t D. 310 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Matureedi                                            تفسیر الماتریدی                                

وقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: الهمزة: الذي يطعنه عند حضرته، واللمزة: الذي يطعنه عند غيبته.

Some scholars said:  Al-Humazah means one who slanders someone in his presence and Al-Humazah means that he backbites behind someone’s back in his absence.

 

قال أهل التأويل: إن الآية في الكفار

The exegetists have said:  This verse was revealed about the infidels.

 

Tafsir al-Matureedi (Taweel Ahl al-Sunnah) of Imam Abu Mansoor Muhammad Ibn Muhammad al-Matureedi t D. 333 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Baghawi                                                        تفسیر البغوی

وَقَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: نَزَلَتْ فِي الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ، كَانَ يَغْتَابُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ وَيَطْعَنُ عَلَيْهِ فِي وَجْهِهِ

Sayyiduna Muqatil – may Allah be pleased with him – said:  It was revealed about Waleed ibn Mugheerah.  He used to gossip about the Holy Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – behind his back and slander him to his face.

 

وَقَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ: هِيَ عَامَّةٌ فِي حَقِّ كُلِّ مَنْ هَذِهِ صِفَتُهُ.

Sayyiduna Mujahid – may Allah be pleased with him – said:  It is applicable to everyone having this tendency.

 

Tafsir al-Baghawi (Ma’aalim al-Tanzeel) of Muhiyy al-Sunnah Imam Abu Muhammad Al-Husain ibn Mas’ood al-Baghwi al-Shafe’I t D. 510 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Kabeer                                                                                                 التفسیر الکبیر

قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: مَا زِلْنَا نَسْمَعُ أَنَّ هَذِهِ السُّورَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ

Sayyiduna Muhammad ibn Ishaq – may Allah be pleased with him – said:  We always heard that this Surah was revealed about Umayyah ibn Khalaf.

 

Tafsir al-Kabeer (Mafateeh al-Ghaib) of Imam Fakhruddin Muhammad ibn Umar al-Raazi al-Shafe’i t D. 606 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Qurtubi                                                                                                                         تفسیر القرطبی

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: [شِرَارُ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى الْمَشَّاءُونَ بِالنَّمِيمَةِ، الْمُفْسِدُونَ بَيْنَ الْأَحِبَّةِ، الْبَاغُونَ لِلْبُرَآءِ الْعَيْبَ [.

The Holy Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – has stated:  The worst of Allah’s creation are the ones who backbite and cause unrest between the loved ones and associate faults to the pious.

 

وَقَالَ أَبُو الْعَالِيَةِ وَالْحَسَنُ وَمُجَاهِدٌ وَعَطَاءُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ: الْهُمَزَةُ: الَّذِي يَغْتَابُ وَيَطْعَنُ فِي وَجْهِ الرَّجُلِ، وَاللُّمَزَةُ: الَّذِي يَغْتَابُهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ إِذَا غَابَ

Sayyiduna Abu al-‘Aaliyah, Hasan, Mujahid and ‘Ata ibn Rabah – may Allah be pleased with them – said:  Al-Humazah means the one who slanders a person to his face and Al-Lumazah means the one who gossips about someone in his absence.

 

وَالْآيَةُ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْأَخْنَسِ بْنِ شَرِيقٍ، فِيمَا رَوَى الضَّحَّاكُ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. وَكَانَ يَلْمِزُ النَّاسَ وَيَعِيبُهُمْ: مُقْبِلِينَ وَمُدْبِرِينَ.

The verse was revealed about Akhnas ibn Shareeq as per reported by Al-Dhahhak from Sayyiduna Ibn ‘Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them:  He used to slander people in their presence and backbite behind their back.

 

Tafsir Qurtubi (Al-Jame’ Li Ahkaam al-Quran) Imam Shamsuddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Qurtubi t D. 671 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Nasafi                                                                                                                                                      تفسیر النسفی

قيل نزلت في الأخنس بن شريق وكانت عادته الغيبة والوقيعة وقيل في أمية بن خلف وقيل في الوليد ويجوز أن يكون السبب خاصاً والوعيد عاماً ليتناول كل من باشر ذلك القبيح

It is said that it was revealed about Akhnas ibn Shareeq.  It was his habit to backbite and quarrel.  It is also said that it was revealed about Umayyah ibn Khalaf.  The third opinion is that it was revealed about Waleed ibn Mugheerah.  While it is reasonable to assume that it was revealed due to specific circumstances, but the warning is general and encompasses everyone who indulges in this evil.

 

Tafsir al-Nasafi (Madarik al-Tanzeel) of Imam Abul Barakaat Abdullah ibn Ahmed al-Nasafi t D. 710 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Jalalain                                                                                                                        تفسیر الجلالین

{وَيْل} كَلِمَة عَذَاب أَوْ وَادٍ فِي جَهَنَّم {لِكُلِّ هُمَزَة لُمَزَة} أَيْ كَثِير الْهَمْز وَاللَّمْز أَيْ الْغِيبَة نَزَلَتْ فِيمَنْ كَانَ يَغْتَاب النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّه عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَأُمَيَّة بْن خَلَف وَالْوَلِيد بْن الْمُغِيرَة وَغَيْرهمَا

Wailun: an expression implying chastisement or a valley in hell. to every slanderer, backbiter i.e. frequently engaging in backbiting and slandering.  It was revealed regarding those who slandered the Holy Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – and the believers; such as, Umayyah ibn Khalaf, al-Waleed ibn al-Mugheerah and others.

 

Tafsir al-Jalalain of Imam Jalaaluddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mahalli al-Shafe’i t D. 864 A.H. and Imam Jalaaluddin Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr al-Suyooti al-Shafe’i t D. 911 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Durr al-Manthoor                                                                              تفسیر الدر المنثور

عَن أبي هُرَيْرَة عَن النَّبِي صلى الله عَلَيْهِ وَسلم قَالَ: لماعرج بِي مَرَرْت بِرِجَال تقطع جُلُودهمْ بمقاريض من نَار فَقلت: من هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ: الَّذين يتزينون

قَالَ: ثمَّ مَرَرْت بجب منتن الرّيح فَسمِعت فِيهِ أصواتاً شَدِيدَة فَقلت: من هَؤُلَاءِ يَا جِبْرِيل قَالَ: نسَاء كن يتزين بزينة ويعطين مَا لَا يحل لَهُنَّ ثمَّ مَرَرْت على نسَاء وَرِجَال معلقين بثديهن فَقلت: من هَؤُلَاءِ يَا جِبْرِيل قَالَ: هَؤُلَاءِ الهمازون والهمازات ذَلِك بِأَن الله قَالَ: {ويل لكل همزَة لُمزَة}

When I ascended into heavens, I passed by some people, the skin of their bodies was being cut by scissors made of fire.  I asked, “Who are these people?”  He (Sayyiduna Jibreel – peace be upon him) said, “They are the people who engaged themselves in beautification.”

He says:  Then I passed by some stinking place and heard strong screams in it, so I asked, “Who are they, O Jibreel?”  He replied, “They are the women who beautified themselves and committed what was unlawful for them.”  Then I passed by some men and women who were hung by their chests, so I asked, “O Jibreel, who are they?”  He replied, “They are the people who slandered others.  It is for this reason that Allah Almighty has stated:

وَیۡلٌ لِّکُلِّ ہُمَزَۃٍ لُّمَزَۃِۣۙ﴿۱﴾

Ruin is for every open slanderer, backbiter.”

 

Tafsir Al-Durr al-Manthoor Bi al-Tafsir al-Mathoor of Imam Jalaaluddin Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr al-Suyooti al-Shafe’i t D. 911 A.H.

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