Download PDF:  S113 V002 Tafseer of Ahlus Sunnah تفسیر اھل السنۃ

مِنۡ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ ۙ﴿۲﴾

“From the evil of His entire creation.”

 

Tafsir al-Tabari                                                             تفسیر الطبری

وَقَالَ جَلَّ ثَنَاءُهُ {مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ} [الفلق: 2] لِأَنَّهُ أَمَرَ نَبِيَّهُ أَنْ يَسْتَعِيذَ مِنْ شَرِّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، إِذَا كَانَ كُلُّ مَا سِوَاهُ، فَهُوَ مَا خَلَقَ

Allah Almighty stated, “From the evil of His entire creation” for He indeed commanded His Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – to seek refuge from the evil of everything because whatever exists besides Allah, it is His creation.

 

Tafsir Al-Tabari (Tafsir Ibn Jareer / Jame’ al-Bayaan fi Taweel al-Quraan) of Imam Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Jareer al-Tabri t D. 310 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Kabeer                                                                                                 التفسیر الکبیر

فِي تَفْسِيرِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ وُجُوهٌ

أَحَدُهَا: قَالَ عَطَاءٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: يُرِيدُ إِبْلِيسَ خَاصَّةً لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَمْ يَخْلُقْ خَلْقًا هُوَ شَرٌّ مِنْهُ وَلِأَنَّ السُّورَةَ إِنَّمَا نَزَلَتْ فِي الِاسْتِعَاذَةِ مِنَ السِّحْرِ، وَذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا يَتِمُّ بِإِبْلِيسَ وَبِأَعْوَانِهِ وَجُنُودِهِ وَ

ثَانِيهَا: يُرِيدُ جَهَنَّمَ كَأَنَّهُ يَقُولُ: قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ جَهَنَّمَ وَمِنْ شَدَائِدِ مَا خَلَقَ فِيهَا وَ

ثَالِثُهَا: مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ يُرِيدُ مِنْ شَرِّ أَصْنَافِ الْحَيَوَانَاتِ الْمُؤْذِيَاتِ كَالسِّبَاعِ وَالْهَوَامِّ وَغَيْرِهِمَا، وَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ فِيهِ مَنْ يُؤْذِينِي مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَالْإِنْسِ أَيْضًا وَوَصَفَ أَفْعَالَهَا بِأَنَّهَا شَرٌّ

وَرَابِعُهَا: أَرَادَ بِهِ مَا خَلَقَ مِنَ الْأَمْرَاضِ وَالْأَسْقَامِ وَالْقَحْطِ وَأَنْوَاعِ الْمِحَنِ وَالْآفَاتِ

It could be explained in a few ways:

  1. Sayyiduna ‘Ata reported from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas – may Allah be pleased with them – that It could mean Iblis specifically, for the Almighty did not create anything more evil than him, and also, because the Surah was revealed to seek refuge from witchcraft, and witchcraft is achieved through Iblis and his helpers and crew.
  2. It could mean hell, as if He stated, “Say, ‘I seek refuge in the Lord of hell and from the calamity of all His creations’.”
  3. “From the evil of all His creations” i.e. the harmful animals; such as, predators, harmful insects etc. and it would also include those humans and jinns who can cause harm. He described their actions to be evil.
  4. It could also mean the diseases and ailments He has created as well as drought and different types of ordeals and calamities.

 

كَانَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ:وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ شَرِّ طَوَارِقِ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ.

The Holy Prophet – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him – used to supplicate, “O Allah, I seek refuge in you from the calamities of day and night.”

 

Tafsir al-Kabeer (Mafateeh al-Ghaib) of Imam Fakhruddin Muhammad ibn Umar al-Raazi al-Shafe’i t D. 606 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Qurtubi                                                                                                                         تفسیر القرطبی

(مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ) قِيلَ: هُوَ إِبْلِيسُ وَذُرِّيَّتُهُ. وَقِيلَ جَهَنَّمُ. وَقِيلَ: هُوَ عَامٌّ، أَيْ مِنْ شَرِّ كُلِّ ذِي شَرٍّ خَلَقَهُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

“From the evil of His entire creation.” It is said that it refers to Iblis and his offspring.  It could also mean hell.  There is this concept that it could be generalized i.e. from the evil of every evil creature Allah Almighty has created.

 

Tafsir Qurtubi (Al-Jame’ Li Ahkaam al-Quran) Imam Shamsuddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Qurtubi t D. 671 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Baidawi                                                                                                                      تفسیر البیضاوی

مِنْ شَرِّ مَا خَلَقَ خص عالم الخلق بالإستعاذة عنه لانحصار الشر فيه

“From the evil of His entire creation.”  The creation is specifically mentioned to seek refuge from, for the evil lurks therein.

 

Tafsir al-Baidawi (Anwaar al-Tanzeel wa Asraar al-Taweel) of Imam Qadhi Abdullah ibn Umar al-Shiraazi al-Baidawi t D. 685 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Nasafi                                                                                                                                                      تفسیر النسفی

{من شر ما خلق} أى النار والشيطان

“From the evil of His entire creation” i.e. from hellfire and satan.

 

Tafsir al-Nasafi (Madarik al-Tanzeel) of Imam Abul Barakaat Abdullah ibn Ahmed al-Nasafi t D. 710 A.H.

 

Tafsir al-Jalalain                                                                                                                        تفسیر الجلالین

{مِنْ شَرّ مَا خَلَقَ} مِنْ حَيَوَان مُكَلَّف وَغَيْر مُكَلَّف وَجَمَاد كَالسُّمِّ وَغَيْر ذَلِكَ

“From the evil of His entire creation” from the civilized animal species (humans) as well as the ones to whom no Shariah law is applicable (animals in general) and the harmful objects; such as poison etc.

 

Tafsir al-Jalalain of Imam Jalaaluddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mahalli al-Shafe’i t D. 864 A.H. and Imam Jalaaluddin Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr al-Suyooti al-Shafe’i t D. 911 A.H.

 

Tafsir Rooh al-Bayaan                                                                                              تفسیر روح البیان

مِنْ شَرِّ ما خَلَقَ اى من شر ما خلقه من الثقلين وغيرهم ۔۔۔مؤذيات انس وجن وسباع وهوام.

“From the evil of His entire creation” i.e. from the evil of all His creation; the humans and the jinns and those besides them; the harmful humans, jinns, predators and insects.

 

Tafsir Rooh al-Bayaan of Imam Isma’eel Haqqi ibn Mustafa al-Istanbuli Hanafi t D. 1127 A.H.