Download PDF: S114 V001 Tafseer of Ahlus Sunnah تفسیر اھل السنۃ
قُلْ اَعُوۡذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ ۙ﴿۱﴾
Say, “I seek refuge in the One Who is the Lord of all mankind.”
Tafsir al-Tabari تفسیر الطبری
يَقُولُ تَعَالَى ذِكْرُهُ لِنَبِيِّهِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: قُلْ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَسْتَجِيرُ {بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ }
In this verse, Allah Almighty addresses His Prophet Sayyiduna Muhammad – may Allah send peace and blessings upon him, “Say, O Muhammad, ‘I seek help of the Lord of all mankind’.”
Tafsir Al-Tabari (Tafsir Ibn Jareer / Jame’ al-Bayaan fi Taweel al-Quraan) of Imam Abu Ja’far Muhammad ibn Jareer al-Tabri t D. 310 A.H.
Tafsir al-Matureedi تفسیر الماتریدی
ظاهره أمر لرسول اللَّه – صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيهِ وَسَلَّمَ – بشيء مشار إليه، وهو التعوذ
It is obviously a command for Allah’s Messenger r to seek Allah’s refuge.
Tafsir al-Matureedi (Taweel Ahl al-Sunnah) of Imam Abu Mansoor Muhammad Ibn Muhammad al-Matureedi t D. 333 A.H.
Tafsir al-Kabeer التفسیر الکبیر
أنه تعالى رب جميع المحدثات، ولكنه هاهنا ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ رَبُّ النَّاسِ عَلَى التَّخْصِيصِ وَذَلِكَ لِوُجُوهٍ
أَحَدُهَا:أَنَّ الِاسْتِعَاذَةَ وَقَعَتْ مِنْ شَرِّ الْمُوَسْوِسِ فِي صُدُورِ النَّاسِ فَكَأَنَّهُ قِيلَ: أَعُوذُ مِنْ شَرِّ الْمُوَسْوِسِ إِلَى النَّاسِ بِرَبِّهِمُ الَّذِي يَمْلِكُ عَلَيْهِمْ أُمُورَهُمْ وَهُوَ إِلَهُهُمْ وَمَعْبُودُهُمْ كَمَا يَسْتَغِيثُ بَعْضُ الْمَوَالِي إِذَا اعْتَرَاهُمْ خَطْبٌ بِسَيِّدِهِمْ وَمَخْدُومِهِمْ وَوَالِي أَمْرِهِمْ
وَثَانِيهَا: أَنَّ أَشْرَفَ الْمَخْلُوقَاتِ فِي الْعَالَمِ هُمُ النَّاسُ
وَثَالِثُهَا: أَنَّ الْمَأْمُورَ بِالِاسْتِعَاذَةِ هُوَ الْإِنْسَانُ، فَإِذَا قَرَأَ الْإِنْسَانُ هَذِهِ صَارَ كَأَنَّهُ يَقُولُ: يَا رَبِّ يَا مَلِكِي يَا إِلَهِي.
He Y is the Lord of all the creations but here, He mentions that He is the Lord of the mankind specifically which is due to some factors;
- The refuge is sought from the evil of the one who instils evil thoughts in the hearts of people, as if it was said: I seek refuge in Allah who owns them and is the king of their affairs and their God and worthy of their worship from the one who instils evil thoughts in people’s hearts, as someone who is engaged with their master and the Master of their affairs.
- Humans are the best creation of all.
- The one who is commanded to seek refuge is human, so when a person recites this, it is as if he is saying, “Oh, my Lord, my King, my God.”
Tafsir al-Kabeer (Mafateeh al-Ghaib) of Imam Fakhruddin Muhammad ibn Umar al-Raazi al-Shafe’i t D. 606 A.H.
Tafsir al-Qurtubi تفسیر القرطبی
مَالِكِهِمْ وَمُصْلِحِ أُمُورِهِمْ. وَإِنَّمَا ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ رَبُّ النَّاسِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ رَبًّا لِجَمِيعِ الْخَلْقِ لِأَمْرَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا: لِأَنَّ النَّاسَ مُعَظَّمُونَ، فَأَعْلَمَ بِذِكْرِهِمْ أَنَّهُ رَبٌّ لَهُمْ وَإِنْ عُظِّمُوا. الثَّانِي: لِأَنَّهُ أَمَرَ بِالِاسْتِعَاذَةِ مِنْ شَرِّهِمْ، فَأَعْلَمَ بِذِكْرِهِمْ
The meaning of “Rabb” is the Master of people and the Guardian over people’s affairs. He is mentioned to be “The Lord of all mankind” although He is undoubtedly the Lord of entire creation. It is due to two reasons:
- The humans are honoured, and it is to declare the fact that He is the Lord of all mankind.
- The command is issued to seek Allah’s Y protection from them because it is only Allah Almighty who can provide protection from the evil of humans.
Tafsir Qurtubi (Al-Jame’ Li Ahkaam al-Quran) Imam Shamsuddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Qurtubi t D. 671 A.H.
Tafsir al-Baidawi تفسیر البیضاوی
أعوذ من شر الموسوس إلى الناس بربهم الذي يملك أمورهم ويستحق عبادتهم.
I seek refuge in their Lord, who is the Master of their affairs and is worthy of their worship, from the evil of the one who imparts evil thoughts to the people.
Tafsir al-Baidawi (Anwaar al-Tanzeel wa Asraar al-Taweel) of Imam Qadhi Abdullah ibn Umar al-Shiraazi al-Baidawi t D. 685 A.H.
Tafsir al-Nasafi تفسیر النسفی
{قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبّ الناس} أي مربيهم ومصلحهم
I seek refuge in the One Who is the Lord of all mankind i.e. their Master and Guardian over their affairs.
Tafsir al-Nasafi (Madarik al-Tanzeel) of Imam Abul Barakaat Abdullah ibn Ahmed al-Nasafi t D. 710 A.H.
Tafsir al-Jalalain تفسیر الجلالین
{قُلْ أَعُوذ بِرَبِّ النَّاس} خَالِقهمْ وَمَالِكهمْ خُصُّوا بالذكر تشريفا لهم ومناسبة للاستعاذة من شر الموسوس في صدورهم
I seek refuge in the One Who is the Lord of all mankind i.e. their Creator and Master. The humans are specifically mentioned here to signify their honour, and at the same time, the refuge is sought from the one who imparts evil to their hearts.
Tafsir al-Jalalain of Imam Jalaaluddin Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Mahalli al-Shafe’i t D. 864 A.H. and Imam Jalaaluddin Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Bakr al-Suyooti al-Shafe’i t D. 911 A.H.
Tafsir Rooh al-Bayaan تفسیر روح البیان
قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ اى مالك أمورهم ومربيهم بافاضة ما يصلحهم ودفع ما يضرهم
Say, “I seek refuge in the One Who is the Lord of all mankind” i.e. Guardian over their affairs and their Caretaker by providing them according to their needs and by repelling harm from them.
Hadeeth:
أعوذ برضاك من سخطك وبمعافاتك من عقوبتك وأعوذ بك منك
I seek refuge in Your pleasure from Your wrath and in your forgiveness from Your punishment and I seek Your refuge from You.
Tafsir Rooh al-Bayaan of Imam Isma’eel Haqqi ibn Mustafa al-Istanbuli Hanafi t D. 1127 A.H.
Tafsir al-Mazhari تفسیر المظہری
قُلْ يا محمد أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ خالقهم ومربيهم ومصلح أمورهم.
Say, O Muhammad, “I seek refuge in the One Who is the Lord of all mankind” i.e. their Creator, Caretaker and the Guardian over their affairs.
Tafsir al-Mazhari of Qaadhi Muhammad Thanaaullah Uthmaani Mujaddidi Paanipati t D 1225 A.H.
Tafsir Rooh al-Ma’ani تفسیر روح المعانی
قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ اى مالك أمورهم ومربيهم بافاضة ما يصلحهم ودفع ما يضرهم
Say, “I seek refuge in the One Who is the Lord of all mankind” i.e. Guardian over their affairs and their Caretaker by providing them according to their needs and by repelling harm from them.
Tafsir Rooh al-Ma’aani (Tafsir Alusi) of Imam Shahaabuddin Mahmood ibn Abdullah al-Husaini al-Alusi al-Baghdadi t D. 1270 A.H.
MUSJIDUL HAQ 
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